This chapter deals with the parameters of radiated beam of the antenna. These parameters help us to know about the beam specifications.

Beam Area

According to the standard definition, “Beam area is the solid angle through which all the power radiated by the antenna would stream if P (θ, Ø) maintained its maximum value over Ω_A and was zero elsewhere.”

The radiated beam of the antenna comes out from an angle at the antenna, known as solid angle, where the power radiation intensity is maximum. This solid beam angle is termed as the beam area. It is represented by Ω_A.

The radiation intensity P (θ, Ø) should be maintained constant and maximum throughout the solid beam angle Ω_A, its value being zero elsewhere.

Beam angle is a set of angles between the half power points of the main lobe.

Mathematical Expression

The mathematical expression for beam area is

Where

• ΩA${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{}$${\mathrm{}}_{\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; small;">A</span>}}$ is the solid beam angle.
• θ$\theta$$$ is the function of angular position.
• Φ$\mathrm{\Phi }$$\mathrm{}$ is the function of radial distance.

Units

The unit of beam area is watts.

Beam Efficiency